Alcatel Carrier Internetworking Solutions Network Router 060187 10 REV D User Manual

Part No. 060187-10, Rev D  
March 2005  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family  
Advanced Routing  
Configuration Guide  
 
Contents  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
iii  
 
 
Contents  
ALCATEL INTERNETWORKING, INC. (“AII”)  
SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT ...............................................................A-1  
iv  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
About This Guide  
This OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide describes how to set up and moni-  
tor advanced routing protocols for operation in a live network environment. The routing protocols  
described in this manual are purchased as an add-on package to the base switch software.  
Supported Platforms  
This information in this guide applies to the following products:  
OmniSwitch 6624  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6600-U24  
OmniSwitch 6600-P24  
OmniSwitch 6602-24  
OmniSwitch 6602-48  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family switches are next generation enterprise edge/workgroup switches. The  
OmniSwitch 6624 and 6602-24 offer 24 copper 10/100 ports, the 6600-P24 offers 24 copper 10/100 Power  
over Ethernet (PoE) ports, the 6648 and 6602-48 offer 48 copper 10/100 ports, and the 6600-U24 offers 24  
fiber 100 ports.  
In addition, OmniSwitch 6624/6600-U24/6648/6600-P24 switches have one expansion port that can be  
used for a Gigabit Ethernet uplink module and another expansion port that can be used for a Gigabit Ether-  
net uplink or a stacking module while the 6602-24/6602-48 switches offer fixed Gigabit Ethernet uplinks  
and fixed stacking ports. The stacking ports on all OmniSwitch 6600 Family switches allow two to eight  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family switches to be configured as one virtual chassis known as a stack.  
Note. All references to OmniSwitch 6624 and 6648 switches also apply to the OmniSwitch 6600-U24,  
6600-P24, 6602-24, and 6602-48 unless specified otherwise.  
Unsupported Platforms  
The information in this guide does not apply to the following products:  
OmniSwitch 6800, 7700, 7800, or 8800  
OmniSwitch (original version with no numeric model name)  
Omni Switch/Router  
OmniStack  
OmniAccess  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page v  
 
   
Who Should Read this Manual?  
About This Guide  
Who Should Read this Manual?  
The audience for this user guide is network administrators and IT support personnel who need to config-  
ure, maintain, and monitor switches and routers in a live network. However, anyone wishing to gain  
knowledge on how advanced routing software features are implemented in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family  
will benefit from the material in this configuration guide.  
When Should I Read this Manual?  
Read this guide as soon as you are ready to integrate your OmniSwitch into your network and you are  
ready to set advanced routing protocols. You should already be familiar with the basics of managing a  
single OmniSwitch as described in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family Switch Management Guide.  
The topics and procedures in this manual assume an understanding of the OmniSwitch directory structure  
and basic switch administration commands and procedures. This manual will help you set up your  
switches to route on the network using protocols.  
What is in this Manual?  
This configuration guide includes information about configuring Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) for rout-  
ing.  
What is Not in this Manual?  
The configuration procedures in this manual use Command Line Interface (CLI) commands in all exam-  
ples. CLI commands are text-based commands used to manage the switch through serial (console port)  
connections or via Telnet sessions. Procedures for other switch management methods, such as web-based  
(WebView or OmniVista) or SNMP, are outside the scope of this guide.  
For information on WebView and SNMP switch management methods consult the OmniSwitch 6600  
Family Switch Management Guide. Information on using WebView and OmniVista can be found in the  
context-sensitive on-line help available with those network management applications.  
This guide provides overview material on software features, how-to procedures, and application examples  
that will enable you to begin configuring your OmniSwitch. It is not intended as a comprehensive refer-  
ence to all CLI commands available in the OmniSwitch. For such a reference to all OmniSwitch 6600  
Family CLI commands, consult the OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide.  
page vi  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
       
About This Guide  
How is the Information Organized?  
How is the Information Organized?  
Quick Information. The chapter includes a specifications table that lists RFCs and IEEE specifications  
supported by the software feature. In addition, this table includes other pertinent information such as mini-  
mum and maximum values and sub-feature support. The chapter also includes a defaults table that lists the  
default values for important parameters along with the CLI command used to configure the parameter. It  
also includes a Quick Steps section, which is a procedure covering the basic steps required to get a soft-  
ware feature up and running.  
In-Depth Information. The chapter includes an overview section on the software feature as well as on  
selected topics of that software feature. Topical sections may often lead into procedure sections that  
describe how to configure the feature just described. Serious readers and advanced users will also find the  
many application examples, located near the end of chapters, helpful. Application examples include  
diagrams of real networks and then provide solutions using the CLI to configure a particular feature, or  
more than one feature, within the illustrated network.  
Documentation Roadmap  
The OmniSwitch user documentation suite was designed to supply you with information at several critical  
junctures of the configuration process. The following section outlines a roadmap of the manuals that will  
help you at each stage of the configuration process. Under each stage, we point you to the manual or  
manuals that will be most helpful to you.  
Stage 1: Using the Switch for the First Time  
Pertinent Documentation: OmniSwitch 6600 Family Getting Started Guide  
Release Notes  
A hard-copy OmniSwitch 6600 Family Getting Started Guide is included with OmniSwitch 6600 Family  
switches; these guides provide all the information you need to get your switch up and running the first  
time. These guides provide information on unpacking the switch, rack mounting the switch, installing  
uplink and stacking modules, unlocking access control, setting the switch’s IP address, setting up a pass-  
word, and setting up stacks. They also include succinct overview information on fundamental aspects of  
the switch, such as hardware LEDs, the software directory structure, CLI conventions, and web-based  
management.  
At this time you should also familiarize yourself with the Release Notes that accompanied your switch.  
This document includes important information on feature limitations that are not included in other user  
guides.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page vii  
 
   
Documentation Roadmap  
About This Guide  
Stage 2: Gaining Familiarity with Basic Switch Functions  
Pertinent Documentation: OmniSwitch 6600 Family Hardware Users Guide  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Switch Management Guide  
Once you have your switch up and running, you will want to begin investigating basic aspects of its hard  
ware and software. Information about OmniSwitch 6600 Family hardware is provided in the OmniSwitch  
6600 Family Hardware Users Guide. This guide provides specifications, illustrations, and descriptions of  
all hardware components—chassis, power supplies, uplink and stacking modules, and cooling fans. They  
also include steps for common procedures, such as removing and installing switch components.  
The OmniSwitch 6600 Family Switch Management Guide is the primary user guide for the basic software  
features on a single switch. This guide contains information on the switch directory structure, basic file  
and directory utilities, switch access security, SNMP, and web-based management. It is recommended that  
you read this guide before connecting your switch to the network.  
Note. The OmniSwitch 6600 Family Switch Management Guide was originally known as the “OmniSwitch  
6624/6648 Switch Management Guide.”  
Stage 3: Integrating the Switch Into a Network  
Pertinent Documentation: OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
When you are ready to connect your switch to the network, you will need to learn how the OmniSwitch  
implements fundamental software features, such as 802.1Q, VLANs, Spanning Tree, and network routing  
protocols. The OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide contains overview information,  
procedures and examples on how standard networking technologies are configured in the OmniSwitch  
6600 Family.  
Note. The OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide was originally known as the  
OmniSwitch 6624/6648 Network Configuration Guide.”  
The OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide includes configuration information  
for networks using Open Shortest Path First (OSPF).  
Note. The OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide was originally known as the  
OmniSwitch 66/24/6648 Advanced Routing Configuration Guide”  
Anytime  
The OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide contains comprehensive information on all CLI commands  
supported by the switch. This guide includes syntax, default, usage, example, related CLI command, and  
CLI-to-MIB variable mapping information for all CLI commands supported by the switch. This guide can  
be consulted anytime during the configuration process to find detailed and specific information on each  
CLI command.  
page viii  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
About This Guide  
Related Documentation  
Related Documentation  
The following are the titles and descriptions of all the OmniSwitch 6600 Family user manuals:  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Getting Started Guide  
Describes the hardware and software procedures for getting an OmniSwitch 6600 Family switch up  
and running. Also provides information on fundamental aspects of OmniSwitch software and stacking  
architecture.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Hardware Users Guide  
Complete technical specifications and procedures for all OmniSwitch 6600 Family chassis, power  
supplies, fans, and uplink and stacking modules.  
OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide  
Complete reference to all CLI commands supported on the OmniSwitch 6600, 6800, 7700, 7800, and  
8800. Includes syntax definitions, default values, examples, usage guidelines, and CLI-to-MIB vari-  
able mappings.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Switch Management Guide  
Includes procedures for readying an individual switch for integration into a network. Topics include  
the software directory architecture, image rollback protections, authenticated switch access, managing  
switch files, system configuration, using SNMP, and using web management software (WebView).  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide  
Includes network configuration procedures and descriptive information on all the major software  
features and protocols included in the base software package. Chapters cover Layer 2 information  
(Ethernet and VLAN configuration), Layer 3 information, security options (authenticated VLANs),  
Quality of Service (QoS), and link aggregation.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
Includes network configuration procedures and descriptive information on all the software features and  
protocols included in the advanced routing software package OSPF.  
Technical Tips, Field Notices  
Includes information published by Alcatel’s Customer Support group.  
Release Note  
Includes critical Open Problem Reports, feature exceptions, and other important information on the  
features supported in the current release and any limitations to their support.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page ix  
 
 
User Manual CD  
About This Guide  
User Manual CD  
All user guides for the OmniSwitch 6600 Family are included on the User Manual CD that accompanied  
your switch. This CD also includes user guides for other Alcatel data enterprise products. In addition, it  
contains a stand-alone version of the on-line help system that is embedded in the OmniVista network  
management application.  
Besides the OmniVista documentation, all documentation on the User Manual CD is in PDF format and  
requires the Adobe Acrobat Reader program for viewing. Acrobat Reader freeware is available at  
Note. In order to take advantage of the documentation CD’s global search feature, it is recommended that  
you select the option for searching PDF files before downloading Acrobat Reader freeware.  
To verify that you are using Acrobat Reader with the global search option, look for the following button in  
the toolbar:  
Note. When printing pages from the documentation PDFs, de-select Fit to Page if it is selected in your  
print dialog. Otherwise pages may print with slightly smaller margins.  
Technical Support  
An Alcatel service agreement brings your company the assurance of 7x24 no-excuses technical support.  
You’ll also receive regular software updates to maintain and maximize your Alcatel product’s features and  
functionality and on-site hardware replacement through our global network of highly qualified service  
delivery partners. Additionally, with 24-hour-a-day access to Alcatel’s Service and Support web page,  
you’ll be able to view and update any case (open or closed) that you have reported to Alcatel’s technical  
support, open a new case or access helpful release notes, technical bulletins, and manuals. For more infor-  
mation on Alcatel’s Service Programs, see our web page at eservice.ind.alcatel.com, call us at 1-800-995-  
2696, or email us at [email protected].  
page x  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
   
1 Configuring OSPF  
Open Shortest Path First routing (OSPF) is a shortest path first (SPF), or link state, protocol. OSPF is an  
interior gateway protocol (IGP) that distributes routing information between routers in a single Autono-  
mous System (AS). OSPF chooses the least-cost path as the best path. OSPF is suitable for complex  
networks with large numbers of routers since it provides faster convergence where multiple flows to a  
single destination can be forwarded on one or more interfaces simultaneously.  
In This Chapter  
This chapter describes the basic components of OSPF and how to configure them through the Command  
Line Interface (CLI). CLI commands are used in the configuration examples; for more details about the  
syntax of commands, see the OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide.  
Configuration procedures described in this chapter include:  
Loading and enabling OSPF. See “Activating OSPF” on page 1-17.  
Creating OSPF areas. See “Creating an Area” on page 1-18.  
Creating OSPF interfaces. See “Creating OSPF Interfaces” on page 1-22.  
Creating virtual links. See “Creating Virtual Links” on page 1-25  
Using redistribution policies and filters. See “Enabling Redistribution” on page 1-26  
For information on creating and managing VLANs, see “Configuring VLANs” in the OmniSwitch 6600  
Family Network Configuration Guide.  
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March 2005  
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OSPF Specifications  
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Specifications  
RFCs Supported  
1370—Applicability Statement for OSPF  
1587—The OSPF NSSA Option  
1850—OSPF Version 2 Management Information  
Base  
2328—OSPF Version 2  
3101—The OSPF Not-So-Stubby Area (NSSA)  
Option  
3623 — Graceful OSPF Restart  
Maximum number of Areas (per router)  
3
Maximum number of Interfaces (per router) 5  
Maximum number of Link State Database  
entries (per router)  
5000  
Maximum number of adjacencies (per  
router)  
16  
Maximum number of ECMP gateways (per  
destination)  
4
Maximum number of neighbors (per router) 16  
Maximum number of routes (per router) 4000 (Depending on the number of interfaces/  
neighbors, this value may vary.)  
page 1-2  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
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Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Defaults Table  
OSPF Defaults Table  
The following table shows the default settings of the configurable OSPF parameters.  
Parameter Description  
Command  
Default Value/Comments  
ip ospf status  
disabled  
disabled  
disabled  
disabled  
0
Enables OSPF.  
ip ospf area status  
Enables an area.  
ip ospf interface status  
ip ospf redist status  
ip ospf exit-overflow-interval  
ip ospf extlsdb-limit  
Enables an interface.  
Enables OSPF redistribution.  
Sets the overflow interval value.  
Assigns a limit to the number of  
External Link-State Database  
(LSDB) entries.  
-1  
Configures timers for Shortest Path ip ospf spf-timer  
First (SPF) calculation.  
delay: 5  
hold: 10  
Creates or deletes an area default  
metric.  
ip ospf area default-metric  
ToS: 0  
Type: OSPF  
Cost: 1  
Configures OSPF interface dead  
interval.  
ip ospf interface dead-interval  
ip ospf interface hello-interval  
40 seconds (broadcast and  
point-to-point)  
120 seconds (NBMA and  
point-to-multipoint)  
Configures OSPF interface hello  
interval.  
10 seconds (broadcast and  
point-to-point)  
30 seconds (NBMA and point-  
to-multipoint)  
Configures the OSPF interface cost. ip ospf interface cost  
1
Configures the OSPF poll interval. ip ospf interface poll-interval  
120 seconds  
1
Configures the OSPF interface pri- ip ospf interface priority  
ority.  
Configures OSPF interface retrans- ip ospf interface retrans-interval 5 seconds  
mit interval.  
Configures the OSPF interface tran- ip ospf interface transit-delay  
1 second  
sit delay.  
Configures the OSPF interface type. ip ospf interface type  
broadcast  
Disabled  
Configures graceful restart on  
redundant switches in a stack  
ip ospf restart-support  
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March 2005  
page 1-3  
 
   
OSPF Quick Steps  
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Quick Steps  
The followings steps are designed to show the user the necessary set of commands for setting up a router  
to use OSPF:  
1 Create a VLAN using the vlan command. For example:  
-> vlan 5  
-> vlan 5 enable  
2 Assign a router IP address and subnet mask to the VLAN using the ip interface command. For exam-  
ple:  
-> ip interface vlan-5 vlan 5 address 120.1.4.1 mask 255.0.0.0  
3 Assign a port to the created VLANs using the vlan command. For example:  
-> vlan 5 port default 2/1  
Note. The port will be statically assigned to the VLAN, as a VLAN must have a physical port assigned to  
it in order for the router port to function. However, the router could be set up in such a way that mobile  
ports are dynamically assigned to VLANs using VLAN rules. See the chapter titled “Defining VLAN  
Rules” in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide.  
4 Assign a router ID to the router using the ip router router-id command. For example:  
-> ip router router-id 1.1.1.1  
5 Load and enable OSPF using the ip load ospf and the ip ospf status commands. For example:  
-> ip load ospf  
-> ip ospf status enable  
6 Create a backbone to connect this router to others, and an area for the router’s traffic, using the ip ospf  
area command. (Backbones are always labeled area 0.0.0.0.) For example:  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.1  
7 Enable the backbone and area using the ip ospf area status command. For example:  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0 status enable  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.1 status enable  
8 Create an OSPF interface for each VLAN created in Step 1, using the ip ospf interface command. The  
OSPF interface should use the same IP address or interface name used for the VLAN router IP created in  
Step 2. For example:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.1.4.1  
or  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-5  
page 1-4  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
   
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Quick Steps  
9 Assign the OSPF interface to the area and the backbone using the ip ospf interface area command.  
For example:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.1.4.1 area 0.0.0.0  
or  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-5 area 0.0.0.0  
10Enable the OSPF interfaces using the ip ospf interface status command. For example:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.1.4.1 status enable  
or  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-5 status enable  
11You can now display the router OSPF settings by using the show ip ospf command. The output gener-  
ated is similar to the following:  
-> show ip ospf  
Router ID  
As set in Step 5  
Router Id  
OSPF Version Number  
Admin Status  
Area Border Router?  
AS Border Router Status  
Route Redistribution Status  
Route Tag  
= 1.1.1.1,  
= 2,  
= Enabled,  
= Yes,  
= Disabled,  
= Disabled,  
= 0,  
SPF Hold Time (in seconds)  
SPF Delay Time (in seconds)  
MTU Checking  
= 10,  
= 5,  
= Disabled,  
= 0,  
# of Routes  
# of AS-External LSAs  
# of self-originated LSAs  
# of LSAs received  
External LSDB Limit  
Exit Overflow Interval  
# of SPF calculations done  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= -1,  
= 0,  
= 1,  
# of Incr SPF calculations done = 0,  
# of Init State Nbrs  
# of 2-Way State Nbrs  
# of Exchange State Nbrs  
# of Full State Nbrs  
# of attached areas  
# of Active areas  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 2,  
= 2,  
= 0,  
= 0  
# of Transit areas  
# of attached NSSAs  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-5  
 
OSPF Quick Steps  
Configuring OSPF  
12You can display OSPF area settings using the show ip ospf area command. For example:  
-> show ip ospf area 0.0.0.0  
Area ID  
As set in Step 7  
Area Identifier  
Admin Status  
Operational Status  
Area Type  
Area Summary  
Time since last SPF Run  
# of Area Border Routers known  
# of AS Border Routers known  
# of LSAs in area  
= 0.0.0.0,  
= Enabled,  
= Up,  
= normal,  
= Enabled,  
= 00h:08m:37s,  
= 1,  
Area Status  
As set in Step 8  
= 0,  
= 1,  
# of SPF Calculations done  
= 1,  
# of Incremental SPF Calculations done = 0,  
# of Neighbors in Init State  
# of Neighbors in 2-Way State  
# of Neighbors in Exchange State  
# of Neighbors in Full State  
# of Interfaces attached  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 0  
= 1  
13You can display OSPF interface settings using the show ip ospf interface command. For example:  
-> show ip ospf interface 120.1.4.1  
VLAN ID  
As set in Step 1  
Interface IP Name  
VLAN Id  
= vlan-5  
= 5,  
Interface ID  
Interface IP Address  
Interface IP Mask  
Admin Status  
Operational Status  
OSPF Interface State  
Interface Type  
Area Id  
Designated Router IP Address  
Designated Router RouterId  
= 120.1.4.1,  
= 255.0.0.0,  
= Enabled,  
= Down,  
As set in Step 9  
Interface Status  
As set in Step 11  
= Down,  
= Broadcast,  
= 0.0.0.0,  
= 0.0.0.0,  
= 0.0.0.0,  
Area ID  
As set in Step 7  
Backup Designated Router IP Address = 0.0.0.0,  
Backup Designated Router RouterId  
MTU (bytes)  
Metric Cost  
= 0.0.0.0,  
= 1500,  
= 1,  
Priority  
= 1,  
Hello Interval (seconds)  
Transit Delay (seconds)  
Retrans Interval (seconds)  
Dead Interval (seconds)  
Poll Interval (seconds)  
Link Type  
= 10,  
= 1,  
= 5,  
= 40,  
= 120,  
= Broadcast,  
= none,  
= 0,  
Authentication Type  
# of Events  
# of Init State Neighbors  
# of 2-Way State Neighbors  
# of Exchange State Neighbors  
# of Full State Neighbors  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 0,  
= 0  
page 1-6  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Overview  
OSPF Overview  
Open Shortest Path First routing (OSPF) is a shortest path first (SPF), or link-state, protocol. OSPF is an  
interior gateway protocol (IGP) that distributes routing information between routers in a Single Autono-  
mous System (AS). OSPF chooses the least-cost path as the best path.  
Each participating router distributes its local state (i.e., the router’s usable interfaces, local networks, and  
reachable neighbors) throughout the AS by flooding. In a link-state protocol, each router maintains a data-  
base describing the entire topology. This database is built from the collected link state advertisements of  
all routers. Each multi-access network that has at least two attached routers has a designated router and a  
backup designated router. The designated router floods a link state advertisement for the multi-access  
network.  
When a router starts, it uses the OSPF Hello Protocol to discover neighbors. The router sends Hello pack-  
ets to its neighbors, and in turn receives their Hello packets. On broadcast and point-to-point networks, the  
router dynamically detects its neighboring routers by sending Hello packets to a multicast address. On  
nonbroadcast and point-to-multipoint networks, some configuration information is necessary in order to  
configure neighbors. On all networks (broadcast or nonbroadcast), the Hello Protocol also elects a desig-  
nated router for the network.  
Hello. Please respond...  
Are you a neighbor...  
My link state is...  
Hello. Please respond...  
Are you a neighbor...  
My link state is...  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OSPF Hello Protocol  
The router will attempt to form full adjacencies with all of its newly acquired neighbors. Only some pairs,  
however, will be successful in forming full adjacencies. Topological databases are synchronized between  
pairs of fully adjacent routers.  
Adjacencies control the distribution of routing protocol packets. Routing protocol packets are sent and  
received only on adjacencies. In particular, distribution of topological database updates proceeds along  
adjacencies.  
Link state is also advertised when a router’s state changes. A router’s adjacencies are reflected in the  
contents of its link state advertisements. This relationship between adjacencies and link state allows the  
protocol to detect downed routers in a timely fashion.  
Link state advertisements are flooded throughout the AS. The flooding algorithm ensures that all routers  
have exactly the same topological database. This database consists of the collection of link state advertise-  
ments received from each router belonging to the area. From this database each router calculates a short-  
est-path tree, with itself as root. This shortest-path tree in turn yields a routing table for the protocol.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-7  
 
         
OSPF Overview  
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Areas  
OSPF allows collections of contiguous networks and hosts to be grouped together as an area. Each area  
runs a separate copy of the basic link-state routing algorithm (usually called SPF). This means that each  
area has its own topological database, as explained in the previous section.  
Inter-Area Routing  
Intra-Area  
Routing  
Intra-Area  
Routing  
Router 3  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
Backbone  
Router 1  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
Link State  
Messages  
Link State  
Messages  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
Router 2  
Router 4  
Area 1  
Area 2  
OSPF Intra-Area and Inter-Area Routing  
An area’s topology is visible only to the members of the area. Conversely, routers internal to a given area  
know nothing of the detailed topology external to the area. This isolation of knowledge enables the proto-  
col to reduce routing traffic by concentrating on small areas of an AS, as compared to treating the entire  
AS as a single link-state domain.  
Areas cause routers to maintain a separate topological database for each area to which they are connected.  
(Routers connected to multiple areas are called area border routers). Two routers belonging to the same  
area have identical area topological databases.  
Different areas communicate with each other through a backbone. The backbone consists of routers with  
contacts between multiple areas. A backbone must be contiguous (i.e., it must be linked to all areas).  
The backbone is responsible for distributing routing information between areas. The backbone itself has all  
of the properties of an area. The topology of the backbone is invisible to each of the areas, while the back-  
bone itself knows nothing of the topology of the areas.  
All routers in an area must agree on that area’s parameters. Since a separate copy of the link-state algo-  
rithm is run in each area, most configuration parameters are defined on a per-router basis. All routers  
belonging to an area must agree on that area’s configuration. Misconfiguration will keep neighbors from  
forming adjacencies between themselves, and OSPF will not function.  
page 1-8  
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Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Overview  
Classification of Routers  
When an AS is split into OSPF areas, the routers are further divided according to function into the follow-  
ing four overlapping categories:  
Internal routers. A router with all directly connected networks belonging to the same area. These  
routers run a single copy of the SPF algorithm.  
Area border routers. A router that attaches to multiple areas. Area border routers run multiple copies  
of the SPF algorithm, one copy for each attached area. Area border routers condense the topological  
information of their attached areas for flooding to other areas.  
Backbone routers. A router that has an interface to the backbone. This includes all routers that inter-  
face to more than one area (i.e., area border routers). However, backbone routers do not have to be area  
border routers. Routers with all interfaces connected to the backbone are considered to be internal rout-  
ers.  
AS boundary routers. A router that exchanges routing information with routers belonging to other  
Autonomous Systems. Such a router has AS external routes that are advertised throughout the Autono-  
mous System. The path to each AS boundary router is known by every router in the AS. This classifi-  
cation is completely independent of the previous classifications (i.e., internal, area border, and  
backbone routers). AS boundary routers may be internal or area border routers, and may or may not  
participate in the backbone.  
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OSPF Overview  
Configuring OSPF  
Virtual Links  
It is possible to define areas in such a way that the backbone is no longer contiguous. (This is not an ideal  
OSPF configuration, and maximum effort should be made to avoid this situation.) In this case the system  
administrator must restore backbone connectivity by configuring virtual links.  
Virtual links can be configured between any two backbone routers that have a connection to a common  
non-backbone area. The protocol treats two routers joined by a virtual link as if they were connected by an  
unnumbered point-to-point network. The routing protocol traffic that flows along the virtual link uses  
intra-area routing only, and the physical connection between the two routers is not managed by the  
network administrator (i.e., there is no dedicated connection between the routers as there is with the OSPF  
backbone).  
Router B  
Router A  
Area 1  
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Virtual Link  
Backbone  
Backbone  
OSPF Routers Connected with a Virtual Link  
In the above diagram, Router A and Router B are connected via a virtual link in Area 1, which is known as  
a transit area. See “Creating Virtual Links” on page 1-25 for more information.  
page 1-10  
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Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Overview  
Stub Areas  
OSPF allows certain areas to be configured as stub areas. A stub area is an area with routers that have no  
AS external Link State Advertisements (LSAs).  
In order to take advantage of the OSPF stub area support, default routing must be used in the stub area.  
This is accomplished by configuring only one of the stub area’s border routers to advertise a default route  
into the stub area. The default routes will match any destination that is not explicitly reachable by an intra-  
area or inter-area path (i.e., AS external destinations).  
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Backbone  
Area 3  
(stub)  
Area 1  
(stub)  
Area 2  
OSPF Stub Area  
Area 1 and Area 3 could be configured as stub areas. Stub areas are configured using the OSPF ip ospf  
area command, described in “Creating an Area” on page 1-18. For more overview information on areas,  
The OSPF protocol ensures that all routers belonging to an area agree on whether the area has been  
configured as a stub. This guarantees that no confusion will arise in the flooding of AS external advertise-  
ments.  
Two restrictions on the use of stub areas are:  
Virtual links cannot be configured through stub areas.  
AS boundary routers cannot be placed internal to stub areas.  
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OSPF Overview  
Configuring OSPF  
Not-So-Stubby-Areas  
NSSA, or not-so-stubby area, is an extension to the base OSPF specification and is defined in RFC 1587.  
An NSSA is similar to a stub area in many ways: AS-external LSAs are not flooded into an NSSA and  
virtual links are not allowed in an NSSA. The primary difference is that selected external routing informa-  
tion can be imported into an NSSA and then redistributed into the rest of the OSPF routing domain. These  
routes are imported into the NSSA using a new LSA type: Type-7 LSA. Type-7 LSAs are flooded within  
the NSSA and are translated at the NSSA boundary into AS-external LSAs so as to convey the external  
routing information to other areas.  
NSSAs enable routers with limited resources to participate in OSPF routing while also allowing the import  
of a selected number of external routes into the area. For example, an area which connects to a small exter-  
nal routing domain running RIP may be configured as an NSSA. This will allow the import of RIP routes  
into this area and the rest of the OSPF routing domain and at the same time, prevent the flooding of other  
external routing information (learned, for example, through IP) into this area.  
All routers in an NSSA must have their OSPF area defined as an NSSA. To configure otherwise will  
ensure that the router will be unsuccessful in establishing an adjacent in the OSPF domain.  
Totally Stubby Areas  
In Totally Stubby Areas the ABR advertises a default route to the routers in the totally stubby area but  
does not advertise any inter-area or external LSAs. As a result, routers in a totally stubby area know only  
the routes for destination networks in the stub area and have a default route for any other destination  
outside the stub.  
Note. Virtual links cannot be configured through totally stubby areas.  
The router memory is saved when using stub area networks by filtering Type 4 and 5 LSAs. This concept  
has been extended with Totally Stubby Areas by filtering Type 3 LSAs (Network Summary LSA) in addi-  
tion to Type 4 and 5 with the exception of one single Type 3 LSA used to advertise a default route within  
the area.  
The following is an example of a simple totally stubby configuration with Router B being an ABR  
between the backbone area 0 and the stub area 1. Router A is in area 1.1.1.1, totally stubby area:  
OSPF Area 0  
192.168.50.0/24  
OSPF Area 1  
Totally Stubby  
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192.168.12.1  
192.168.12.2  
Router A  
Router B  
Totally Stubby Area Example  
Note. See “Configuring a Totally Stubby Area” on page 1-20 for information on configuring Totally  
Stubby Areas.  
page 1-12  
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Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Overview  
Equal Cost Multi-Path (ECMP) Routing  
Using information from its continuously updated databases, OSPF calculates the shortest path to a given  
destination. Shortest path is determined from metric values at each hop along a path. At times, two or  
more paths to the same destination will have the same metric cost.  
In the network illustration below, there are two paths from Source router A to Destination router B. One  
path traverses two hops at routers X and Y and the second path traverses two hops at M and N. If the total  
cost through X and Y to B is the same as the cost via M and N to B, then these two paths have equal cost.  
In this version of OSPF both paths will be stored and used to transmit data.  
X
Y
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A-> X-> Y-> B = A-> M-> N-> B  
Source (A)  
Destination (B)  
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M
N
Multiple Equal Cost Paths  
Delivery of packets along equal paths is based on flows rather than a round-robin scheme. Equal cost is  
determined based on standard routing metrics. However, other variables, such as line speed, are not  
considered. So it is possible for OSPF to decide two paths have an equal cost even though one may  
contain faster links than another.  
Non Broadcast OSPF Routing  
OSPF can operate in two modes on non-broadcast networks: NBMA and point-to-multipoint. The inter-  
face type for the corresponding network segment should be set to non broadcast or point-to-point, respec-  
tively.  
For non-broadcast networks neighbors should be statically configured. For NBMA neighbors the eligibil-  
ity option must be enabled for the neighboring router to participate in Designated Router (DR) election.  
For the correct working of an OSPF NBMA network, a fully meshed network is mandatory. Also, the  
neighbor eligibility configuration for a router on every other router should match the routers interface  
priority configuration.  
See “Configuring Static Neighbors” on page 1-30 for more information and setting up static neighbors.  
Graceful Restart on Stacks with Redundant Switches  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family stacks with two or more switches can support redundancy where if the primary  
switch fails or goes offline for any reason, the secondary switch is instantly notified. The secondary switch  
automatically assumes the primary role. This switch between the primary and secondary switches is  
known as takeover.  
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OSPF Overview  
Configuring OSPF  
When a takeover occurs, which can be planned (e.g., the users performs the takeover) or unplanned (e.g.,  
the primary switch unexpectedly fails), an OSPF router must reestablish full adjacencies with all its previ-  
ously fully adjacent neighbors. This time period between the restart and the reestablishment of adjacen-  
cies is termed graceful restart.  
In the network illustration below, a helper router, Router Y, monitors the network for topology changes.  
As long as there are none, it continues to advertise its LSAs as if the restarting router, Router X, had  
remained in continuous OSPF operation (i.e., Router Y’s LSAs continue to list an adjacency to Router X  
over network segment S, regardless of the adjacency’s current synchronization state.)  
Router B  
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Restarting Router X  
Helping Router Y  
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OSPF Graceful Restart Helping and Restarting Router Example  
If the restarting router, Router X, was the Designated Router (DR) on network segment S when the help-  
ing relationship began, the helper neighbor, Router Y, maintains Router X as the DR until the helping rela-  
tionship is terminated. If there are multiple adjacencies with the restarting Router X, Router Y will act as a  
helper on all other adjacencies.  
Continuous forwarding during a graceful restart depends on several factors. If the secondary module has a  
different router MAC than the primary module, or if one or more ports of a VLAN belonged to the  
primary module, spanning tree re-convergence might disrupt forwarding state, even though OSPF  
performs a graceful restart.  
mation on configuring graceful restart.  
page 1-14  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF on a router requires several steps. Depending on your requirements, you may not need  
to perform all of the steps listed below.  
By default, OSPF is disabled on the router. Configuring OSPF consists of these tasks:  
Set up the basics of the OSPF network by configuring the required VLANs, assigning ports to the  
VLANs, and assigning router identification numbers to the routers involved. This is described in  
Enable OSPF. When the image file for advanced routing (Hadvrout.img) is installed, you must load  
the code and enable OSPF. The commands for enabling OSPF are described in “Activating OSPF” on  
Create an OSPF area and the backbone. The commands to create areas and backbones are described in  
Set area parameters (optional). OSPF will run with the default area parameters, but different networks  
may benefit from modifying the parameters. Modifying area parameters is described in “Configuring  
Create OSPF interfaces. OSPF interfaces are created and assigned to areas. Creating areas is described  
Set interface parameters (optional). OSPF will run with the default interface parameters, but different  
networks may benefit from modifying the parameters. Also, it is possible to set authentication on an  
interface. Setting interface authentication is described in “Interface Authentication” on page 1-23, and  
modifying interface parameters is described in “Modifying Interface Parameters” on page 1-24.  
Configure virtual links (optional). A virtual link is used to establish backbone connectivity when two  
backbone routers are not physically contiguous. To create a virtual link, see “Creating Virtual Links”  
Create a redistribution policy (optional). A redistribution policy allows for the control of how routes  
are advertised into OSPF from outside the Autonomous System. Once a policy is created, redistribu-  
tion must be enabled. Creating a redistribution policy is described in “Creating A Redistribution  
Policy” on page 1-27, and enabling redistribution is described in “Enabling Redistribution” on  
Create redistribution filters (optional). A redistribution filter controls whether routes are advertised in  
the OSPF network. Creating a redistribution filter is described in “Creating a Redistribution Filter” on  
Configuring router capabilities (optional). There are several commands that influence router operation.  
These are covered briefly in a table in “Configuring Router Capabilities” on page 1-29.  
Creating static neighbors (optional). These commands allow you to statically configure neighbors. See  
Configuring redundant switches in a stack for graceful OSPF restart (optional). Configuring stacks  
with redundant switches for graceful restart is described in “Configuring Redundant Switches in a  
At the end of the chapter is a simple OSPF network diagram with instructions on how it was created on a  
router-by-router basis. See “OSPF Application Example” on page 1-32 for more information.  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Preparing the Network for OSPF  
OSPF operates on top of normal switch functions, using existing ports, virtual ports, VLANs, etc. The  
following network components should already be configured:  
Configure VLANs that are to be used in the OSPF network. VLANS should be created for both the  
backbone interfaces and all other connected devices that will participate in the OSPF network. A  
VLAN should exist for each instance in which the backbone connects two routers. VLAN configura-  
tion is described in “Configuring VLANs,” in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration  
Guide.  
Assign IP interfaces to the VLANs. IP interfaces, or router ports, must be assigned to the VLAN.  
Assigning IP interfaces is described in “Configuring VLANs,” in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family  
Network Configuration Guide.  
Assign ports to the VLANs. The physical ports participating in the OSPF network must be assigned to  
the created VLANs. Assigning ports to a VLAN is described in “Assigning Ports to VLANs,” in the  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide.  
Set the router identification number. (optional) The routers participating in the OSPF network must  
be assigned a router identification number. This number can be any number, as long as it is in standard  
dotted decimal format (e.g., 1.1.1.1). Router identification number assignment is discussed in “Config-  
uring IP,” in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide. If this is not done, the router  
identification number is automatically the primary interface address.  
page 1-16  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Activating OSPF  
For OSPF to run on the router, the advanced routing image (Hadvrout.img) must be installed. (For infor-  
mation on how to install image files, see “Managing System Files” in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family Switch  
Management Guide.)  
After the image file has been installed onto the router, you will need to load the OSPF software into  
memory and enable it, as described below.  
Loading the Software  
To load the OSPF software into the router’s running configuration, enter the ip load ospf command at the  
system prompt:  
-> ip load ospf  
The OPSF software is now loaded into memory, and can be enabled.  
Enabling OSPF  
Once the OSPF software has been loaded into the router’s running configuration (either through the CLI  
or on startup), it must be enabled. To enable OSPF on a router, enter the ip ospf status command at the  
CLI prompt, as shown:  
-> ip ospf status enable  
Once OSPF is enabled, you can begin to set up OSPF parameters. To disable OSPF, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf status disable  
Removing OSPF from Memory  
To remove OSPF from the router memory, it is necessary to manually edit the boot.cfg file. The boot.cfg  
file is an ASCII text-based file that controls many of the switch parameters. Open the file and delete all  
references to OSPF.  
For the operation to take effect the switch needs to be rebooted.  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Creating an OSPF Area  
OSPF allows a set of network devices in an AS system to be grouped together in areas.  
There can be more than one router in an area. Likewise, there can be more than one area on a single router  
(in effect, making the router the Area Border Router (ABR) for the areas involved), but standard network-  
ing design does not recommended that more than three areas be handled on a single router.  
Areas are named using 32-bit dotted decimal format (e.g., 1.1.1.1). Area 0.0.0.0 is reserved for the back-  
bone.  
Creating an Area  
To create an area and associate it with a router, enter the ip ospf area command with the area identifica-  
tion number at the CLI prompt, as shown:  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1  
Area 1.1.1.1 will now be created on the router with the default parameters.  
The backbone is always area 0.0.0.0. To create this area on a router, you would use the above command,  
but specify the backbone, as shown:  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0  
The backbone would now be attached to the router, making it an Area Border Router (ABR).  
Enabling an Area  
Once an area is created, it must be enabled using the ip ospf area status command, as shown:  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0 status enable  
Specifying an Area Type  
When creating areas, an area type can be specified (normal, stub, or NSSA). Area types are described  
above in “OSPF Areas” on page 1-8. To specify an area type, use the ip ospf area command as shown:  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 type stub  
Note. By default, an area is a normal area. The type keyword would be used to change a stub or NSSA  
area into a normal area.  
page 1-18  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Enabling and Disabling Summarization  
Summarization can also be enabled or disabled when creating an area. Enabling summarization allows for  
ranges to be used by Area Border Routers (ABRs) for advertising routes as a single route rather than  
multiple routes, while disabling summarization prevents set ranges from functioning in stub and NSSA  
areas. (Configuring ranges is described in “Setting Area Ranges” on page 1-20.)  
For example, to enable summarization for Area 1.1.1.1, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 summary enable  
To disable summarization for the same area, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 summary disable  
Note. By default, an area has summarization enabled. Disabling summarization for an area is useful when  
ranges need to be deactivated, but not deleted.  
Displaying Area Status  
You can check the status of the newly created area by using the show command, as demonstrated:  
-> show ip ospf area 1.1.1.1  
or  
-> show ip ospf area  
The first example gives specifics about area 1.1.1.1, and the second example shows all areas configured on  
the router.  
To display a stub area’s parameters, use the show ip ospf area stub command as follows:  
-> show ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 stub  
Deleting an Area  
To delete an area, enter the ip ospf area command as shown:  
-> no ip ospf area 1.1.1.1  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring Stub Area Default Metrics  
The default metric configures the type of cost metric that a default area border router (ABR) will advertise  
in the default summary Link State Advertisement (LSA). Use the ip ospf area default-metric command  
to create or delete a default metric for stub or Not So Stubby Area (NSSA) area. Specify the stub area and  
select a cost value or a route type, as shown:  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 default-metric 0 cost 50  
or  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 default-metric 0 type type1  
A route has a preset metric associated to it depending on its type. The first example, the stub area is given  
a default metric of 0 (this is Type of Service 0) and a cost of 50 added to routes from the area. The second  
example specifies that the cost associated with Type 1 routes should be applied to routes from the area.  
Note. At this time, only the default metric of ToS 0 is supported.  
To remove the area default-metric setting, enter the ip ospf area default-metric command using the no  
command, as shown:  
-> no ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 default-metric 0  
Setting Area Ranges  
Area ranges are used to summarize many area routes into a single advertisement at an area boundary.  
Ranges are advertised as summaries or NSSAs. Ranges also act as filters that either allow the summary to  
be advertised or not. Ranges are created using the ip ospf area range command. An area and the summary  
IP address and IP mask must be specified. For example, to create a summary range with IP address  
192.5.40.1 and an IP mask of 255.255.255.0 for area 1.1.1.1, the following commands would be entered at  
the CLI prompt:  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 range summary 192.5.40.1 255.255.255.0  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 range summary 192.5.40.1 255.255.255.0 effect noMatching  
To view the configured ranges for an area, use the show ip ospf area range command as demonstrated:  
-> show ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 range  
Configuring a Totally Stubby Area  
In order to configure a totally stubby area you need to configure the area as stub on the ABR and disable  
summarization. By doing so the ABR will generate a default route in the totally stubby area. In addition,  
the other routers within the totally stubby area must only have their area configured as stub.  
For example, to configure the simple totally stubby configuration shown in the figure in “Configuring a  
Totally Stubby Area” on page 1-20 where Router B is an ABR between the backbone area 0 and the stub  
area 1 and Router A is in Totally Stubby Area 1.1.1.1 follow the steps below:  
page 1-20  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
1 Enter the following commands on Router B:  
-> ip load ospf  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0 status enable  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 type stub  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 summary disable  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 status enable  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 default-metric 0  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.12.2  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.12.2 area 1.1.1.1  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.12.2 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.50.2  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.50.2 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.50.2 status enable  
-> ip ospf status enable  
2 Enter the following on Router A:  
-> ip load ospf  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 type stub  
-> ip ospf area 1.1.1.1 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.12.1  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.12.1 area 1.1.1.1  
-> ip ospf interface 192.168.12.1 status enable  
-> ip ospf status enable  
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Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Creating OSPF Interfaces  
Once areas have been established, interfaces need to be created and assigned to the areas.  
Creating an Interface  
To create an interface, enter the ip ospf interface command with an IP address or interface name, as  
shown:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-213  
The interface can be deleted the by using the no keyword, as shown:  
-> no ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1  
Assigning an Interface to an Area  
Once an interface is created, it must be assigned to an area. (Creating areas is described in “Creating an  
To assign an interface to an area, enter the ip ospf interface area command with the interface IP address  
or interface name and area identification number at the CLI prompt. For example to add interface  
120.5.80.1 to area 1.1.1.1, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 area 1.1.1.1  
An interface can be removed from an area by reassigning it to a new area.  
Once an interface has been created and enabled, you can check its status and configuration by using the  
show ip ospf interface command, as demonstrated:  
-> show ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1  
Instructions for configuring authentication are given in “Interface Authentication” on page 1-23, and inter-  
face parameter options are described in “Modifying Interface Parameters” on page 1-24.  
Activating an Interface  
Once the interface is created and assigned to an area, it must be activated using the ip ospf interface  
status command with the interface IP address or interface name, as shown:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 status enable  
The interface can be disabled using the disable keyword in place of the enable keyword.  
page 1-22  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
                       
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Interface Authentication  
OSPF allows for the use of authentication on configured interfaces. When authentication is enabled, only  
neighbors using the same type of authentication and the matching passwords or keys can communicate.  
There are two types of authentication: simple and MD5. Simple authentication requires only a text string  
as a password, while MD5 is a form of encrypted authentication that requires a key and a password. Both  
types of authentication require the use of more than one command.  
Simple Authentication  
To enable simple authentication on an interface, enter the ip ospf interface auth-type command with the  
interface IP address or interface name, as shown:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 auth-type simple  
Once simple authentication is enabled, the password must be set with the ip ospf interface auth-key  
command, as shown:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 auth-key test  
In the above instance, only other interfaces with simple authentication and a password of “test” will be  
able to use the configured interface.  
MD5 Encryption  
To configure the same interface for MD5 encryption, enter the ip ospf interface auth-type as shown:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 auth-type md5  
Once MD5 authentication is set, a key identification and key string must be set with the ip ospf interface  
md5 key command. For example to set interface 120.5.80.1 to use MD5 authentication with a key identifi-  
cation of 7 and key string of “test”, enter:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 md5 7  
and  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 md5 7 key "test"  
Note that setting the key ID and key string must be done in two separate commands. Once the key ID and  
key string have been set, MD5 authentication is enabled. To disable it, use the ip ospf interface md5  
command, as shown:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 md5 7 disable  
To remove all authentication, enter the ip ospf interface auth-type as follows:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 auth-type none  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-23  
 
             
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Modifying Interface Parameters  
There are several interface parameters that can be modified on a specified interface. Most of these deal  
with timer settings.  
The cost parameter and the priority parameter help to determine the cost of the route using this interface,  
and the chance that this interface’s router will become the designated router, respectively.  
The following table shows the various interface parameters that can be set:  
ip ospf interface dead-interval  
Configures OSPF interface dead interval. If no hello packets are  
received in this interval from a neighboring router the neighbor is con-  
sidered dead.  
ip ospf interface hello-interval  
ip ospf interface cost  
Configures the OSPF interface interval for NBMA segments.  
Configures the OSPF interface cost. A cost metric refers to the net-  
work path preference assigned to certain types of traffic.  
ip ospf interface poll-interval  
ip ospf interface priority  
Configures the OSPF poll interval.  
Configures the OSPF interface priority. The priority number helps  
determine if this router will become the designated router.  
ip ospf interface retrans-interval Configures OSPF interface retransmit interval. The number of sec-  
onds between link state advertisement retransmissions for adjacencies  
belonging to this interface.  
ip ospf interface transit-delay  
Configures the OSPF interface transit delay. The estimated number of  
seconds required to transmit a link state update over this interface.  
These parameters can be added any time. (See “Creating OSPF Interfaces” on page 1-22 for more informa-  
tion.) For example, to set an the dead interval to 50 and the cost to 100 on interface 120.5.80.1, enter the  
following:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 dead-interval 50 cost 100  
To set an the poll interval to 25, the priority to 100, and the retransmit interval to 10 on interface  
120.5.80.1, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 poll-interval 25 priority 100 retrans-interval  
10  
To set the hello interval to 5000 on interface 120.5.80.1, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 hello-interval 5000  
To reset any parameter to its default value, enter the keyword with no parameter value, as shown:  
-> ip ospf interface 120.5.80.1 dead-interval  
Note. Although you can configure several parameters at once, you can only reset them to the default one at  
a time.  
page 1-24  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
                 
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Creating Virtual Links  
A virtual link is a link between two backbones through a transit area. Use the ip ospf virtual-link  
command to create or delete a virtual link.  
Accepted network design theory states that virtual links are the option of last resort. For more information  
on virtual links, see “Virtual Links” on page 1-10 and refer to the figure on page 1-10.  
Creating a Virtual Link  
To create a virtual link, commands must be submitted to the routers at both ends of the link. The router  
being configured should point to the other end of the link, and both routers must have a common area.  
When entering the ip ospf virtual-link command, it is necessary to enter the Router ID of the far end of  
the link, and the area ID that both ends of the link share.  
For example, a virtual link needs to be created between Router A (router ID 1.1.1.1) and Router B (router  
ID 2.2.2.2). We must:  
1 Establish a transit area between the two routers using the commands discussed in “Creating an OSPF  
Area” on page 1-18 (in this example, we will use Area 0.0.0.1).  
2 Then use the ip ospf virtual-link command on Router A as shown:  
ip ospf virtual-link 0.0.0.1 2.2.2.2  
3 Next, enter the following command on Router B:  
ip ospf virtual-link 0.0.0.1 1.1.1.1  
Now there is a virtual link across Area 0.0.0.1 linking Router A and Router B.  
4 To display virtual links configured on a router, enter the following show command:  
show ip ospf virtual-link  
5 To delete a virtual link, enter the ip ospf virtual-link command with the area and far end router infor-  
mation, as shown:  
no ip ospf virtual-link 0.0.0.1 2.2.2.2  
Modifying Virtual Link Parameters  
There are several parameters for a virtual link (such as authentication type and cost) that can be modified  
at the time of the link creation. They are described in the ip ospf virtual-link command description.These  
parameters are identical in function to their counterparts in the section “Modifying Interface Parameters”  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-25  
 
           
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Creating Redistribution Policies and Filters  
Redistribution in OSPF controls the way routes are learned and distributed in the OSPF network. Non  
OSPF routers can be advertised into the OSPF network as AS-external or NSSA-external routes. NSSA-  
external routes are advertised only in OSPF-NSSA areas. Redistribution policies are set on Autonomous  
System Boundary Routers (ASBRs) and control how routes from outside the Autonomous System (AS)  
are learned and distributed. Redistribution Filters are set on any OSPF router and control how routes on  
the router are distributed to other routers in the OSPF network.  
To set up redistribution on a router:  
1 Specify the router as an ASBR, as described in “Specifying an Autonomous System Boundary Router”  
on page 1-26. (For redistribution policies only.)  
2 Enable redistribution, as described in “Enabling Redistribution” on page 1-26.  
3 Create a redistribution policy or filter, as described in “Creating A Redistribution Policy” on page 1-27  
Specifying an Autonomous System Boundary Router  
Redistribution policies can only be created on ASBRs. ASBRs are routers that are directly connected to a  
network outside of the AS (e.g., the internet). To configure a router to be an ASBR, enter the ip ospf asbr  
command at the CLI prompt, as shown:  
-> ip ospf asbr  
You can check to see if a router is an ASBR router by using the show ip ospf command.  
Enabling Redistribution  
Before using any type of redistribution policy or filter, you must enable redistribution on the router, using  
the ip ospf redist status command. To enable redistribution, enter the command at the CLI prompt as  
shown:  
-> ip ospf redist status enable  
To disable redistribution, enter the command as shown:  
-> ip ospf redist status disable  
page 1-26  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
                     
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Creating A Redistribution Policy  
Once a router is set as an ASBR and redistribution is enabled, a redistribution policy can be created. This  
is done using the ip ospf redist command. When setting up a redistribution policy, choose the type of  
route or protocol that will be redistributed as an OSPF route in the OSPF network. For example, to redis-  
tribute RIP routes, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf redist rip  
To redistribute static routes, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf redist static  
A cost metric can be added to the redistributed route, either as a set number or by specifying a route type  
(route types have preassigned metrics and other rule that control how they are redistributed). For example,  
to add a cost metric of 50 to RIP routes, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf redist rip metric 50  
To set RIP route redistribution as type 1 routes, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf redist rip metric-type type1  
For more information on route types, see the ip ospf redist command in the OmniSwitch CLI Reference  
Guide.  
To display the redistribution policies on a router, enter the show ip ospf redist command at the CLI  
prompt.  
To delete a redistribution policy, enter the ip ospf redist command with the route or protocol type, and the  
no keyword, as shown:  
-> no ip ospf redist rip  
Creating a Redistribution Filter  
Redistribution filters are used by routers to control which routes are advertised to the rest of the network.  
Filters can be created on any OSPF router that has redistribution enabled.  
Filters are created using the ip ospf redist-filter command.When using a filter, a route or protocol type  
must be specified, along with the IP address and mask. Only routes matching the specified criteria will be  
advertised. For example, to create a filter for RIP routes 1.1.0.0 with a mask of 255.255.0.0, enter the  
following:  
-> ip ospf redist-filter rip 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0  
Filters can also be used to prevent routes from being advertised by using the effect keyword. Using the  
above example, to prevent RIP routes learned from 1.1.0.0 being advertised, enter the following:  
-> ip ospf redist-filter rip 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 effect deny  
This filter would stop the advertisement of RIP routes learned within the range 1.1.0.0 with a mask of  
255.255.0.0. All other routes would be advertised normally.  
Note. By default, filters are set to permit. If permit is the filter action desired, it is not necessary to use  
the effect keyword.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-27  
 
               
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
In certain cases, redistribution can either be an adjacent route or a subnet. In these cases, the redistributed  
route can correspond to several routes. It is possible to advertise these routes separately or not with the  
redist-control keyword.  
If it is desired to advertise only an aggregated route instead of all the routes to comprise the aggregate, use  
the ip ospf redist-filter command with the redist-control aggregate keyword, as shown (you will also  
need to enter the route information as above):  
-> ip ospf redist-filter rip 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 redist-control aggregate  
If it is desired that the subnet routes that fall within the aggregate range should not be advertised, use the  
ip ospf redist-filter command with the redist-control keyword as shown (you will also need to enter the  
route information as above):  
-> ip ospf redist-filter rip 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 redist-control no-subnets  
Note. By default, filters are set to allow subnet routes to be advertised. If this is the filter action desired, it  
is not necessary to use the redist-control keyword.  
A cost metric and route tag can be assigned to the routes that are allowed to pass through the filter, by  
using the metric and route-tag keywords, as shown (these options are described in the ip ospf redist-  
filter command):  
-> ip ospf redist-filter rip 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0 metric 100 route-tag 5  
To display all of the configured filters on a router, enter the show ip ospf redist-filter command as shown:  
-> show ip ospf redist-filter  
To display the configured filters for a specific route or protocol type, enter the show command and the  
route or protocol type:  
-> show ip ospf redist-filter rip  
To display a specific filter, enter the show command with the route or protocol type and the ip address and  
mask, as demonstrated:  
-> show ip ospf redist-filter rip 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0  
To delete a redistribution filter, enter the ip ospf redist-filter command with the route or protocol type and  
its associated IP address and mask, as shown:  
-> no ip ospf redist-filter rip 1.1.0.0 255.255.0.0  
page 1-28  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
   
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring Router Capabilities  
The following list shows various commands that can be useful in tailoring a router’s performance capabili-  
ties. All of the listed parameters have defaults that are acceptable for running an OSPF network.  
ip ospf exit-overflow-interval Sets the overflow interval value. The overflow interval is the time  
whereby the router will wait before attempting to leave the database  
overflow state.  
ip ospf extlsdb-limit  
Sets a limit to the number of external Link State Databases entries  
learned by the router. An external LSDB entry is created when the  
router learns a link address that exists outside of its Autonomous System  
(AS).  
ip ospf host  
Creates and deletes an OSPF entry for directly attached hosts.  
ip ospf mtu-checking  
Enables or disables the use of Maximum Transfer Unit (MTU) checking  
on received OSPF database description packets.  
ip ospf route-tag  
ip ospf spf-timer  
Configures a tag value for Autonomous System External (ASE) routes  
created.  
Configures timers for Shortest Path First (SPF) calculation.  
To configure a router parameter, enter the parameter at the CLI prompt with the new value or required  
variables. For example to set the exit overflow interval to 40, enter:  
-> ip ospf exit-overflow-interval 40  
To enable MTU checking, enter:  
-> ip ospf mtu-checking  
To set the route tag to 5, enter:  
-> ip ospf route-tag 5  
To set the SPF timer delay to 3 and the hold time to 6, enter:  
-> ip ospf spf-timer delay 3 hold 6  
To return a parameter to its default setting, enter the command with no parameter value, as shown:  
-> ip ospf spf-timer  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-29  
 
               
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring Static Neighbors  
It is possible to configure neighbors statically on Non Broadcast Multi Access (NBMA), point-to-point,  
and point-to-multipoint networks.  
NBMA requires all routers attached to the network to communicate directly (unicast), and every attached  
router in this network becomes aware of all of its neighbors through configuration. It also requires a  
Designated Router (DR) “eligibility” flag to be set for every neighbor.  
To set up a router to use NBMA routing, follow the following steps:  
1 Create an OSPF interface using the CLI command ip ospf interface and perform all the normal config-  
uration for the interface as with broadcast networks (attaching it to an area, enabling the status, etc.).  
2 The OSPF interface type for this interface should be set to non-broadcast using the CLI  
ip ospf interface type command. For example, to set interface 1.1.1.1 to be an NBMA interface, enter the  
following:  
-> ip ospf interface 1.1.1.1 type non-broadcast  
3 Configure static neighbors for every OSPF router in the network using the ip ospf neighbor command.  
For example, to set an OSPF neighbor with an IP address of 1.1.1.8 to be a static neighbor, enter the  
following:  
-> ip ospf neighbor 1.1.1.8 eligible  
The neighbor attaches itself to the right interface by matching the network address of the neighbor and the  
interface. If the interface has not yet been created, the neighbor gets attached to the interface as and when  
the interface comes up.  
If this neighbor is not required to participate in DR election, configure it as non-eligible. The eligibility  
can be changed at any time as long as the interface it is attached to is in the disabled state.  
page 1-30  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
 
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring OSPF  
Configuring Redundant Switches in a Stack for Graceful Restart  
By default, OSPF graceful restart is disabled. To configure OSPF graceful restart support use the ip ospf  
restart-support command by entering ip ospf restart-support followed by either planned-unplanned  
(the default) or planned-only.  
For example, to modify OSPF graceful restart so that it only supports planned restarts enter:  
-> ip ospf restart-support planned-only  
To disable support for graceful restart use the no form of the ip ospf restart-support command by enter-  
ing:  
-> no ip ospf restart-support  
Continuous forwarding during a graceful restart depends on several factors. If the secondary module has a  
different router MAC than the primary module, or if one or more ports of a VLAN belonged to the  
primary module, spanning tree re-convergence might disrupt forwarding state, even though OSPF  
performs a graceful restart.  
Note. Graceful restart is only supported on active ports (i.e., interfaces), which are on the secondary or  
idle switches in a stack during a takeover. It is not supported on ports on a primary switch in a stack.  
Optionally, you can configure graceful restart parameters with the following CLI commands:  
ip ospf restart-interval  
Configures the grace period for achieving a graceful OSPF restart.  
ip ospf restart-helper status  
Administratively enables and disables the capability of an OSPF router  
to operate in helper mode in response to a router performing a graceful  
restart.  
ip ospf restart-helper strict-lsa- Administratively enables and disables whether or not a changed Link  
checking-status  
State Advertisement (LSA) will result in termination of graceful restart  
by a helping router.  
ip ospf restart initiate  
Initiates a planned graceful restart.  
For more information about graceful restart commands, see the “OSPF Commands” chapter in the  
OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-31  
 
   
OSPF Application Example  
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Application Example  
This section will demonstrate how to set up a simple OSPF network. It uses three routers, each with an  
area. Each router uses three VLANs. A backbone connects all the routers. This section will demonstrate  
how to set it up by explaining the necessary commands for each router.  
The following diagram is a simple OSPF network. It will be created by the steps listed on the following  
pages.  
VLAN 10  
Interface 10.0.0.1  
Area 0.0.0.1  
Router 1  
Router ID 1.1.1.1  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
VLAN 12  
Interface 12.x.x.x  
VLAN 31  
Interface 31.x.x.x  
Backbone Area  
(Area 0.0.0.0)  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
OmniSwitch 6648  
VLAN 23  
Interface 23.x.x.x  
Area 0.0.0.2  
Router 2  
Router ID 20.0.0.1  
Area 0.0.0.3  
Router 3  
Router ID 3.3.3.3  
VLAN 20  
Interface 20.0.0.1  
VLAN 30  
Interface 30.0.0.1  
Three Area OSPF Network  
page 1-32  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
     
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Application Example  
Step 1: Prepare the Routers  
The first step is to create the VLANs on each router, add an IP interface to the VLAN, assign a port to the  
VLAN, and assign a router identification number to the routers. For the backbone, the network design in  
this case uses slot 2, port 1 as the egress port and slot 2, port 2 as ingress port on each router. Router 1  
connects to Router 2, Router 2 connects to Router 3, and Router 3 connects to Router 1 using 10/100  
Ethernet cables.  
Note. The ports will be statically assigned to the router, as a VLAN must have a physical port assigned to  
it in order for the router port to function. However, the router could be set up in such a way that mobile  
ports are dynamically assigned to VLANs using VLAN rules. See the chapter titled “Defining VLAN  
Rules” in the OmniSwitch 6600 Family Network Configuration Guide.  
The commands setting up VLANs are shown below:  
Router 1 (using ports 2/1 and 2/2 for the backbone, and ports 2/3-5 for end devices):  
-> vlan 31  
-> ip interface vlan-31 vlan 31 address 31.0.0.1 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 31 port default 2/1  
-> vlan 12  
-> ip interface vlan-12 vlan 12 address 12.0.0.1 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 12 port default 2/2  
-> vlan 10  
-> ip interface vlan-10 vlan 10 address 10.0.0.1 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 10 port default 2/3-5  
-> ip router router-id 1.1.1.1  
These commands created VLANs 31, 12, and 10.  
VLAN 31 handles the backbone connection from Router 1 to Router 3, using the IP router port  
31.0.0.1 and physical port 2/1.  
VLAN 12 handles the backbone connection from Router 1 to Router 2, using the IP router port  
12.0.0.1 and physical port 2/2.  
VLAN 10 handles the device connections to Router 1, using the IP router port 10.0.0.1 and physical  
ports 2/3-5. More ports could be added at a later time if necessary.  
The router was assigned the Router ID of 1.1.1.1.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-33  
 
 
OSPF Application Example  
Configuring OSPF  
Router 2 (using ports 2/1 and 2/2 for the backbone, and ports 2/3-5 for end devices):  
-> vlan 12  
-> ip interface vlan-12 vlan 12 address 12.0.0.2 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 12 port default 2/1  
-> vlan 23  
-> ip interface vlan-23 vlan 23 address 23.0.0.2 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 23 port default 2/2  
-> vlan 20  
-> ip interface vlan-20 vlan 20 address 20.0.0.2 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 20 port default 2/3-5  
-> ip router router-id 2.2.2.2  
These commands created VLANs 12, 23, and 20.  
VLAN 12 handles the backbone connection from Router 1 to Router 2, using the IP router port 12.0.0.2  
and physical port 2/1.  
VLAN 23 handles the backbone connection from Router 2 to Router 3, using the IP router port 23.0.0.2  
and physical port 2/2.  
VLAN 20 handles the device connections to Router 2, using the IP router port 20.0.0.2 and physical  
ports 2/3-5. More ports could be added at a later time if necessary.  
The router was assigned the Router ID of 2.2.2.2.  
Router 3 (using ports 2/1 and 2/2 for the backbone, and ports 2/3-5 for end devices)  
-> vlan 23  
-> ip interface vlan-23 vlan 23 address 23.0.0.3 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 23 port default 2/1  
-> vlan 31  
-> ip interface vlan-31 vlan 31 address 31.0.0.3 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 31 port default 2/2  
-> vlan 30  
-> ip interface vlan-30 vlan 30 address 30.0.0.3 mask 255.0.0.0  
-> vlan 30 port default 2/3-5  
-> ip router router-id 3.3.3.3  
These commands created VLANs 23, 31, and 30.  
VLAN 23 handles the backbone connection from Router 2 to Router 3, using the IP router port 23.0.0.3  
and physical port 2/1.  
VLAN 31 handles the backbone connection from Router 3 to Router 1, using the IP router port 31.0.0.3  
and physical port 2/2.  
VLAN 30 handles the device connections to Router 3, using the IP router port 30.0.0.3 and physical  
ports 2/3-5. More ports could be added at a later time if necessary.  
The router was assigned the Router ID of 3.3.3.3.  
page 1-34  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Application Example  
Step 2: Enable OSPF  
The next step is to load and enable OSPF on each router. The commands for this step are below (the  
commands are the same on each router):  
-> ip load ospf  
-> ip ospf status enable  
Step 3: Create and Enable the Areas and Backbone  
Now the areas should be created and enabled. In this case, we will create an area for each router, and a  
backbone (area 0.0.0.0) that connects the areas.  
The commands for this step are below:  
Router 1  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0 status enable  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.1  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.1 status enable  
These commands created area 0.0.0.0 (the backbone) and area 0.0.0.1 (the area for Router 1). Both of  
these areas are also enabled.  
Router 2  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0 status enable  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.2  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.2 status enable  
These commands created Area 0.0.0.0 (the backbone) and Area 0.0.0.2 (the area for Router 2). Both of  
these areas are also enabled.  
Router 3  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.0 status enable  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.3  
-> ip ospf area 0.0.0.3 status enable  
These commands created Area 0.0.0.0 (the backbone) and Area 0.0.0.3 (the area for Router 3). Both of  
these areas are also enabled.  
Step 4: Create, Enable, and Assign Interfaces  
Next, OSPF interfaces must be created, enabled, and assigned to the areas. The OSPF interfaces should  
have the same IP address as the IP router ports created above in “Step 1: Prepare the Routers” on  
Router 1  
-> ip ospf interface 31.0.0.1  
-> ip ospf interface 31.0.0.1 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface 31.0.0.1 status enable  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
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OSPF Application Example  
Configuring OSPF  
-> ip ospf interface 12.0.0.1  
-> ip ospf interface 12.0.0.1 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface 12.0.0.1 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface 10.0.0.1  
-> ip ospf interface 10.0.0.1 area 0.0.0.1  
-> ip ospf interface 10.0.0.1 status enable  
IP router port 31.0.0.1 was associated to OSPF interface 31.0.0.1, enabled, and assigned to the backbone.  
IP router port 12.0.0.1 was associated to OSPF interface 12.0.0.1, enabled, and assigned to the backbone.  
IP router port 10.0.0.1 which connects to end stations and attached network devices, was associated to  
OSPF interface 10.0.0.1, enabled, and assigned to Area 0.0.0.1.  
Alternatively, you can also configure Router 1 with the interface name instead of the IP address as shown  
below:  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-10  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-10 area 0.0.0.1  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-10 status enable  
Router 2  
-> ip ospf interface 12.0.0.2  
-> ip ospf interface 12.0.0.2 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface 12.0.0.2 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface 23.0.0.2  
-> ip ospf interface 23.0.0.2 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface 23.0.0.2 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface 20.0.0.2  
-> ip ospf interface 20.0.0.2 area 0.0.0.2  
-> ip ospf interface 20.0.0.2 status enable  
IP router port 12.0.0.2 was associated to OSPF interface 12.0.0.2, enabled, and assigned to the backbone.  
IP router port 23.0.0.2 was associated to OSPF interface 23.0.0.2, enabled, and assigned to the backbone.  
IP router port 20.0.0.2, which connects to end stations and attached network devices, was associated to  
OSPF interface 20.0.0.2, enabled, and assigned to Area 0.0.0.2.  
Alternatively, you can also configure Router 2 with the interface name instead of the IP address as shown  
below:  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-12 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-23  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-23 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-23 status enable  
page 1-36  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
Configuring OSPF  
OSPF Application Example  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-20  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-20 area 0.0.0.2  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-20 status enable  
Router 3  
-> ip ospf interface 23.0.0.3  
-> ip ospf interface 23.0.0.3 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface 23.0.0.3 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface 31.0.0.3  
-> ip ospf interface 31.0.0.3 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface 31.0.0.3 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface 30.0.0.3  
-> ip ospf interface 30.0.0.3 area 0.0.0.3  
-> ip ospf interface 30.0.0.3 status enable  
IP router port 23.0.0.3 was associated to OSPF interface 23.0.0.3, enabled, and assigned to the backbone.  
IP router port 31.0.0.3 was associated to OSPF interface 31.0.0.3, enabled, and assigned to the backbone.  
IP router port 30.0.0.3, which connects to end stations and attached network devices, was associated to  
OSPF interface 30.0.0.3, enabled, and assigned to Area 0.0.0.3.  
Alternatively, you can also configure Router 3 with the interface name instead of the IP address as shown  
below:  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-23  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-23 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-23 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-31  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-31 area 0.0.0.0  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-31 status enable  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-30  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-30 area 0.0.0.3  
-> ip ospf interface vlan-30 status enable  
Step 5: Examine the Network  
After the network has been created, you can check various aspects of it using show commands:  
For OSPF in general, use the show ip ospf command.  
For areas, use the show ip ospf area command.  
For interfaces, use the show ip ospf interface command.  
To check for adjacencies formed with neighbors, use the show ip ospf neighbor command.  
For routes, use the show ip ospf routes command.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page 1-37  
 
 
Verifying OSPF Configuration  
Configuring OSPF  
Verifying OSPF Configuration  
To display information about areas, interfaces, virtual links, redistribution, or OPSF in general, use the  
show commands listed in the following table:  
show ip ospf  
Displays OSPF status and general configuration parameters.  
Displays information regarding all or specified border routers.  
show ip ospf border-routers  
show ip ospf ext-lsdb  
Displays external Link State Advertisements from the areas to which the  
router is attached.  
show ip ospf host  
Displays information on directly attached hosts.  
show ip ospf lsdb  
Displays LSAs in the Link State Database associated with each area.  
Displays information on OSPF non-virtual neighbor routers  
Displays OSPF redistribution filter attributes.  
show ip ospf neighbor  
show ip ospf redist-filter  
show ip ospf redist  
Displays the specified redistribution instance that allows routes to be  
redistributed into OSPF.  
show ip ospf routes  
Displays OSPF routes known to the router.  
Displays virtual link information.  
show ip ospf virtual-link  
show ip ospf virtual-neighbor Displays OSPF virtual neighbors.  
show ip ospf area  
Displays either all OSPF areas, or a specified OSPF area.  
show ip ospf area range  
Displays all or specified configured area address range summaries for  
the given area.  
show ip ospf area stub  
show ip ospf interface  
show ip ospf restart  
Displays stub area status.  
Displays OSPF interface information.  
Displays the OSPF graceful restart related configuration and status.  
For more information about the resulting displays form these commands, see the “OSPF Commands”  
chapter in the OmniSwitch CLI Reference Guide.  
Examples of the show ip ospf, show ip ospf area, and show ip ospf interface command outputs are given  
page 1-38  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 
 
A Software License and  
Copyright Statements  
This appendix contains Alcatel and third-party software vendor license and copyright statements.  
Alcatel License Agreement  
ALCATEL INTERNETWORKING, INC. (“AII”)  
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Alcatel License Agreement  
Software License and Copyright Statements  
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Licensed Materials and all copies and portions thereof.  
page A-2  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
Software License and Copyright Statements  
Alcatel License Agreement  
10. Governing Law. This License Agreement shall be construed and governed in accordance with the  
laws of the State of California.  
11. Severability. Should any term of this License Agreement be declared void or unenforceable by any  
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their licensors with respect to the Run-Time Module) are third part beneficiaries to this License Agree-  
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Notices” on page A-4 for the third party license and notice terms.  
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March 2005  
page A-3  
 
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
Software License and Copyright Statements  
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
The licenses and notices related only to such third party software are set forth below:  
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OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
     
Software License and Copyright Statements  
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
C. Linux  
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Third Party Licenses and Notices  
Software License and Copyright Statements  
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Software License and Copyright Statements  
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
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Third Party Licenses and Notices  
Software License and Copyright Statements  
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9 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the General Public License  
from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in  
detail to address new problems or concerns.  
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies a version number of this  
License which applies to it and “any later version”, you have the option of following the terms and condi-  
tions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the  
Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published by  
the Free Software Foundation.  
10If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution conditions  
are different, write to the author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Soft-  
ware Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our  
decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free soft-  
ware and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.  
NO WARRANTY  
11BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR  
THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN  
OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES  
PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED  
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF  
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO  
THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE  
PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,  
REPAIR OR CORRECTION.  
12IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING  
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR  
REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,  
INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARIS-  
ING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT  
LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES  
SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE  
WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN  
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.  
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS  
page A-8  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
Software License and Copyright Statements  
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
Appendix: How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs  
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way  
to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.  
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source  
file to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copy-  
right” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.  
<one line to give the program’s name and a brief idea of what it does.> Copyright (C)  
19yy <name of author>  
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of  
the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either  
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.  
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY  
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or  
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License  
for more details.  
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this  
program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge,  
MA 02139, USA.  
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.  
If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:  
Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19yy name of author Gnomovision comes with  
ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ‘show w’. This is free software,  
and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type ‘show c’ for details.  
The hypothetical commands ‘show w’ and ‘show c’ should show the appropriate parts of the General  
Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than ‘show w’ and  
‘show c’; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.  
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a “copy-  
right disclaimer” for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:  
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program ‘Gnomovision’  
(which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.  
<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989  
Ty Coon, President of Vice  
This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If  
your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary appli-  
cations with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License  
instead of this License.  
URLWatch:  
For notice when this page changes, fill in your email address.  
Maintained by: Webmaster, Linux Online Inc.  
Last modified: 09-Aug-2000 02:03AM.  
Views since 16-Aug-2000: 177203.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page A-9  
 
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
Software License and Copyright Statements  
Material copyright Linux Online Inc.  
Design and compilation copyright (c)1994-2002 Linux Online Inc.  
Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds  
Tux the Penguin, featured in our logo, was created by Larry Ewing  
Consult our privacy statement  
URLWatch provided by URLWatch Services.  
All rights reserved.  
E. University of California  
Provided with this product is certain TCP input and Telnet client software developed by the University of  
California, Berkeley.  
F. Carnegie-Mellon University  
Provided with this product is certain BOOTP Relay software developed by Carnegie-Mellon University.  
G.Random.c  
PR 30872 B Kesner created May 5 2000  
PR 30872 B Kesner June 16 2000 moved batch_entropy_process to own task iWhirlpool to make code  
more efficient  
random.c -- A strong random number generator  
Version 1.89, last modified 19-Sep-99  
Copyright Theodore Ts’o, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999. All rights reserved.  
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided  
that the following conditions are met:  
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, and the entire permission notice  
in its entirety, including the disclaimer of warranties.  
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the  
following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.  
3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software  
without specific prior written permission. ALTERNATIVELY, this product may be distributed under the  
terms of the GNU Public License, in which case the provisions of the GPL are required INSTEAD OF the  
above restrictions. (This clause is necessary due to a potential bad interaction between the GPL and the  
restrictions contained in a BSD-style copyright.)  
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,  
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY  
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ALL OF WHICH ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED. IN  
NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,  
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED  
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROF-  
ITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABIL-  
ITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR  
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NOT  
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.  
page A-10  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
     
Software License and Copyright Statements  
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
H.Apptitude, Inc.  
Provided with this product is certain network monitoring software (“MeterWorks/RMON”) licensed from  
Apptitude, Inc., whose copyright notice is as follows: Copyright (C) 1997-1999 by Apptitude, Inc. All  
Rights Reserved. Licensee is notified that Apptitude, Inc. (formerly, Technically Elite, Inc.), a California  
corporation with principal offices at 6330 San Ignacio Avenue, San Jose, California, is a third party bene-  
ficiary to the Software License Agreement. The provisions of the Software License Agreement as applied  
to MeterWorks/RMON are made expressly for the benefit of Apptitude, Inc., and are enforceable by  
Apptitude, Inc. in addition to AII. IN NO EVENT SHALL APPTITUDE, INC. OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE  
LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING COSTS OF PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE  
PRODUCTS OR SERVICES, LOST PROFITS, OR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL  
OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,  
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT.  
I. Agranat  
Provided with this product is certain web server software (“EMWEB PRODUCT”) licensed from Agranat  
Systems, Inc. (“Agranat”). Agranat has granted to AII certain warranties of performance, which warran-  
ties [or portion thereof] AII now extends to Licensee. IN NO EVENT, HOWEVER, SHALL AGRANAT  
BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES  
OF LICENSEE OR A THIRD PARTY AGAINST LICENSEE ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNEC-  
TION WITH, THIS DISTRIBUTION OF EMWEB PRODUCT TO LICENSEE. In case of any termina-  
tion of the Software License Agreement between AII and Licensee, Licensee shall immediately return the  
EMWEB Product and any back-up copy to AII, and will certify to AII in writing that all EMWEB Prod-  
uct components and any copies of the software have been returned or erased by the memory of Licensee’s  
computer or made non-readable.  
J. RSA Security Inc.  
Provided with this product is certain security software (“RSA Software”) licensed from RSA Security Inc.  
RSA SECURITY INC. PROVIDES RSA SOFTWARE “AS IS” WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY WHAT-  
SOEVER. RSA SECURITY INC. DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STAT-  
UTORY, AS TO ANY MATTER WHATSOEVER INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF  
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT OF  
THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.  
K.Sun Microsystems, Inc.  
This product contains Coronado ASIC, which includes a component derived from designs licensed from  
Sun Microsystems, Inc.  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
page A-11  
 
       
Third Party Licenses and Notices  
Software License and Copyright Statements  
L. Wind River Systems, Inc.  
Provided with this product is certain software (“Run-Time Module”) licensed from Wind River Systems,  
Inc. Licensee is prohibited from: (i) copying the Run-Time Module, except for archive purposes consis-  
tent with Licensee’s archive procedures; (ii) transferring the Run-Time Module to a third party apart from  
the product; (iii) modifying, decompiling, disassembling, reverse engineering or otherwise attempting to  
derive the source code of the Run-Time Module; (iv) exporting the Run-Time Module or underlying tech-  
nology in contravention of applicable U.S. and foreign export laws and regulations; and (v) using the Run-  
Time Module other than in connection with operation of the product. In addition, please be advised that:  
(i) the Run-Time Module is licensed, not sold and that AII and its licensors retain ownership of all copies  
of the Run-Time Module; (ii) WIND RIVER DISCLAIMS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUD-  
ING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS  
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, (iii) The SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT EXCLUDES  
LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, INCIDENTAL AND CONSEQUENTIAL  
DAMAGES; and (iv) any further distribution of the Run-Time Module shall be subject to the same restric-  
tions set forth herein. With respect to the Run-Time Module, Wind River and its licensors are third party  
beneficiaries of the License Agreement and the provisions related to the Run-Time Module are made  
expressly for the benefit of, and are enforceable by, Wind River and its licensors.  
M.Network Time Protocol Version 4  
The following copyright notice applies to all files collectively called the Network Time Protocol Version 4  
Distribution. Unless specifically declared otherwise in an individual file, this notice applies as if the text  
was explicitly included in the file.  
***********************************************************************  
*
*
*
*
* Copyright (c) David L. Mills 1992-2003  
*
* Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and *  
* its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby  
* granted, provided that the above copyright notice appears in all  
* copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission  
* notice appear in supporting documentation, and that the name  
* University of Delaware not be used in advertising or publicity  
* pertaining to distribution of the software without specific,  
* written prior permission. The University of Delaware makes no  
* representations about the suitability this software for any  
* purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied  
* warranty.  
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*************************************************************************  
page A-12  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide March 2005  
 
   
I
Index  
interior gateway protocols  
OSPF 1-7  
internal routers 1-9  
ip load ospf command 1-17  
ip ospf area command 1-18  
ip ospf area status command 1-18  
ip ospf area summary command 1-19  
ip ospf area type command 1-18  
ip ospf asbr command 1-26  
ip ospf exit-overflow-interval command 1-29  
ip ospf extlsdb-limit command 1-29  
ip ospf host command 1-29  
A
application examples  
area border routers 1-8, 1-9  
areas 1-8  
ip ospf interface area command 1-22  
ip ospf interface auth-key command 1-23  
ip ospf interface auth-type command 1-23  
ip ospf interface command 1-22  
ip ospf interface cost command 1-24  
ip ospf interface dead-interval command 1-24  
ip ospf interface hello-interval command 1-24  
ip ospf interface md5 command 1-23  
ip ospf interface poll-interval command 1-24  
ip ospf interface priority command 1-24  
ip ospf interface retrans-interval 1-24  
ip ospf interface status command 1-22  
ip ospf interface transit-delay command 1-24  
ip ospf mtu-checking command 1-29  
ip ospf redist command 1-27  
assigning interfaces 1-22  
backbones 1-8  
border routers 1-8  
creating 1-18  
deleting 1-19  
enabling 1-18  
NSSAs 1-12  
ranges 1-20  
route metrics 1-20  
specifying type 1-18  
status 1-19  
stub 1-11  
summarization 1-19  
Totally Stubby 1-12  
ip ospf redist status command 1-26  
ip ospf redist-filter command 1-27  
ip ospf restart-support status command 1-31  
ip ospf route-tag command 1-29  
ip ospf spf-timer command 1-29  
ip ospf status disable command 1-17  
ip ospf status enable command 1-17  
ip ospf virtual-link command 1-25  
boundary routers 1-9  
ASBRs 1-26  
authentication 1-23  
MD5 encryption 1-23  
simple 1-23  
Autonomous System Boundary Router  
see ASBRs  
autonomous systems  
see AS  
L
link-state protocol 1-7  
B
backbone routers 1-9  
backbones 1-8  
boundary routers 1-9  
M
MD5 encryption 1-23  
D
N
defaults  
OSPF 1-3  
NBMA routing 1-13  
Not-So-Stubby-Areas  
see NSSAs  
NSSAs 1-12  
E
ECMP routing 1-13  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
Index-1  
 
 
Index  
O
R
Open Shortest Path First  
see OSPF  
routers  
area border routers 1-9  
OSPF 1-1  
ASBRs 1-9  
activating 1-17  
backbone routers 1-9  
configuring OSPF 1-29  
OSPF 1-9  
application example 1-32  
area border routers 1-8, 1-9  
areas 1-8  
ASBRs 1-9, 1-26  
authentication 1-23  
backbone routers 1-9  
backbones 1-8  
classification of routers 1-9  
configuring 1-15  
configuring routers 1-29  
defaults 1-3  
S
show ip ospf area command 1-19  
show ip ospf command 1-26  
show ip ospf interface command 1-22  
show ip ospf redist command 1-27  
show ip ospf redist-filter command 1-28  
simple authentication 1-23  
stub areas 1-11  
ECMP routing 1-13  
enabling 1-17  
filters 1-26  
graceful restart 1-14  
interfaces 1-22  
T
Totally Stubby Areas 1-12  
internal routers 1-9  
link-state protocol 1-7  
loading software 1-17  
MD5 encryption 1-23  
modifying interfaces 1-24  
NBMA routing 1-13  
NSSAs 1-12  
V
virtual links 1-10, 1-25  
creating 1-25  
deleting 1-25  
modifying 1-25  
overview 1-7  
preparing the network 1-16  
redistribution policies 1-26  
routers 1-9  
simple authentication 1-23  
specifications 1-2  
stub areas 1-11  
Totally Stubby Areas 1-12  
virtual links 1-10, 1-25  
OSPF filters 1-26  
creating 1-27  
deleting 1-28  
enabling 1-26  
OSPF interfaces 1-22  
assigning to areas 1-22  
authentication 1-23  
creating 1-22  
deleting 1-22  
enabling 1-22  
modifying 1-24  
OSPF redistribution policies 1-26  
creating 1-27  
deleting 1-27  
enabling 1-26  
Index-2  
OmniSwitch 6600 Family Advanced Routing Configuration Guide  
March 2005  
 

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